Liste over kilder

Samlet kilder i boken Plantebasert kosthold – liste

Boken Plantebasert kosthold er basert på de nyeste (2019) og mest omfattende oppsummeringene, utført etter bestemt og relevant metodologi, av seriøse etater/organisasjoner og publisert i fagfellevurderte tidsskriftene.

Sjekk kildene som er brukt i boken Plantebasert kosthold her:

  1. Report buyer. Top Trends in Prepared Foods 2017: Exploring trends in meat, fish and seafood; pasta, noodles and rice; prepared meals; savory deli food; soup; and meat substitutes. 2017.
  2. Statistisk sentralbyrå. Aldri før produsert meir kjøt i Noreg [Internet]. 2018.
  3. Kreftforeningen. Tarmkreft [Internet]. [cited 2019 Feb 1]. Available from: https://kreftforeningen.no/om-kreft/kreftformer/tarmkreft/
  4. IARC. IARC Monographs evaluate consumption of red meat and processed meat [Internet]. World Health Organisation. p. 2. Available from: https://www.iarc.fr/en/media-centre/pr/2015/pdfs/pr240_E.pdf
  5. Wolk A. Potential health hazards of eating red meat. Journal of Internal Medicine. 2017.
  6. Nordic Nutrition Recommendations. Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012 [Internet]. Vol. 5, Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012. 2012. 1–3 p. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:norden:org:diva-2561
  7. Willett W, Rockström J, Loken B, Springmann M, Lang T, Vermeulen S, et al. Food in the Anthropocene: the
    EAT-Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems. Lancet (London, England). 2019;
  8. Sælensminde K, Johansson L, Helleve A. Samfunnsgevinster av å følge Helsedirektoratets kostråd. 2016.
  9. Afshin A, Sur PJ, Fay KA, Cornaby L, Ferrara G, Salama JS, et al. Health effects of dietary risks in 195 countries,
    1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet. 2019;
  10. Springmann M, Godfray HCJ, Rayner M, Scarborough P.nAnalysis and valuation of the health and climate change cobenefits of dietary change. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2016 Apr 12;113(15):4146–51.
  11. Helse- og omsorgsdepartementet. Nasjonal handlingsplan for bedre kosthold (2017–2021) [Internet]. 2017. Available from: https://www.regjeringen.no/no/dokumenter/nasjonal-handlingsplan-for-bedre-kosthold-20172021/id2541870/
  12. Garnett T. Livestock-related greenhouse gas emissions: impacts and options for policy makers. Environ Sci Policy. 2009;
  13. Bar-On YM, Phillips R, Milo R. The biomass distribution on Earth. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018;
  14. FAO F and AO of the UN, IFAD IF for AD, WFP WFP. The State of Food Insecurity in the World. International Hunger Targets: taking stock of uneven progress. 2015.
  15. Springmann M, Clark M, Mason-D’Croz D, Wiebe K, Bodirsky BL, Lassaletta L, et al. Options for keeping the food system within environmental limits. Nature. 2018;
  16. Arnoldussen A, Forbord M, Grønlund A, Mittenzwei K, Pettersen I, Tufte T. Økt Matproduksjon På Norske Arealer. Rapp 6 -2014 [Internet]. 2014;99.
  17. Mittenzwei K, Grønlund A, Grønlund A. Status og potensial for økt produksjon og forbruk av vegetabilske matvarer i Norge. 2017;
  18. Nordic Council of Ministers. Future Nordic Diets [Internet]. Available from: https://norden.diva-portal.org/smash/ get/diva2:1163192/FULLTEXT01.pdf
  19. Thoralf Fagertun. Mindre kjøttspising kan gjøre Norge mer selvforsynt. 2018; Available from: https://forskning.no/ landbruk-partner-miljo/mindre-kjottspising-kan-gjore-norge-mer-selvforsynt/263955
  20. Bjørn Vidar Vangelsten: Vangelsten: Mot et bærekraftig norsk matsystem: Effekt på selvforsyningsgrad og norsk jordbruk ved redusert konsum av kjøtt. Nord universitet; 2018.
  21. Landbruksdirektoratet. Råvareforbruk til kraftfôr til husdyr i Norge 2018 [Internet]. 2019. Available from: landbruksdirektoratet.no/nb/statistikk-og-utviklingstrekk/utvikling-i-jordbruket/kraftforstatistikk
  22. Holmelin, Bob van Oort,Tveiten Hermansen RA. Eat less meat. CICERO [Internet]. 2019; Available from: https://www.cicero.oslo.no/no/posts/klima/eat-less-meat) 215
  23. Nortura. Totalmarked kjøtt og egg [Internet]. [cited 2019 Feb 23]. Available from: http://totalmarked.nortura.no/prognose/category13590.html
  24. Kjøtt og eggprodusenten. Nortura taper millioner på Afghanistan-eksport – Kjøtt & eggprodusenten.
  25. NRK hordaland. 1000 tonn sauekjøt vert pelsdyrfôr. 2018; Available from: https://www.nrk.no/hordaland/1000-tonn-sauekjot-vert-pelsdyrfor-1.14182466?fbclid=IwAR2JNNY2YeLGLAC1zai5BNgqL7qudFK-6Q3r0TTUdsJtNSInrZvB2HwazHRI
  26. Statistisk sentralbyrå. Kjøtproduksjon, 2017 [Internet]. 2017. Available from: https://www.ssb.no/jord-skog-jakt-og-fiskeri/statistikker/slakt/aar/2018-04-10?fane=tabell&sort=nummer&tabell=345714#tab-tabell
  27. Thoring AL. Så mange dyr spiser vi Norske dyr Import og eksport. 2015;1–6.
  28. Nasjonalt råd for ernæring -Helsedirektoratet. Kostråd for å fremme folkehelsen og forebygge kroniske sykdommer Metodologi og vitenskapelig kunnskapsgrunnlag. 2011.
  29. Helle Margrete Meltzer, Haakon E. Meyer K-IK. Fra hypotese til kostråd – veier, snarveier og blindveier. Tidskr Den Nor legeforeningen [Internet]. 2004;124(9):1248–50.
  30. Sødring og Steppeler. Ingen kobling mellom rødt kjøtt og kreft. NRK [Internet]. 2016; Available from: https://www.nrk.no/ytring/ingen-kobling-mellom-rodt-kjott-ogkreft-1.12763879
  31. Animalia. «Sunnere storfekjøtt»-prosjektet har gitt nye brikker til tarmkreftpuslespillet [Internet].
  32. Veterinærhøgskolen N. Sunnere storfekjøtt [Internet]. Available from: https://www.nmbu.no/prosjekter/node/21169
  33. De nasjonale forskningsetiske komiteene. Etikk er god butikk. Forskningsetikk [Internet]. 2019;(1).
  34. Dinu M, Abbate R, Gensini GF, Casini A, Sofi F. Vegetarian, vegan diets and multiple health outcomes: A systematic review with meta-analysis of observational studies. CritRev Food Sci Nutr. 2017;
  35. Helsedirektoratet. Retningslinjer/forebygging-av-hjerte-og-karsykdom [Internet]. 2017. Available from: https://www.helsedirektoratet.no/retningslinjer/forebygging-av-hjerte-og-karsykdom
  36. Bonnema AL, Altschwager D, Thomas W, Slavin JL. The Effects of a Beef-Based Meal Compared to a Calorie Matched Bean-Based Meal on Appetite and Food Intake. J Food Sci. 2015;
  37. Huang RY, Huang CC, Hu FB, Chavarro JE. Vegetarian Diets and Weight Reduction: a Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Gen Intern Med. 2016;
  38. Kristensen MD, Bendsen NT, Christensen SM, Astrup A, Raben A. Meals based on vegetable protein sources (beans and peas) are more satiating than meals based on animal protein sources (veal and pork) – A randomized cross-over meal test study. Food Nutr Res. 2016;
  39. Matportalen. Kostfiber [Internet]. [cited 2019 Feb 2]. Available from: https://www.matportalen.no/kosthold_og_helse/tema/naringsstoffer/kostfiber
  40. Diabetesforbundet. Kostfiber [Internet]. [cited 2019 Feb 2]. Available from: https://www.diabetes.no/kosthold/hva-inneholder-maten/karbohydrater/fiber/
  41. Clarys P, Deliens T, Huybrechts I, Deriemaeker P, Vanaelst B, De Keyzer W, et al. Comparison of nutritional quality of the vegan, vegetarian, semi-vegetarian, pesco-vegetarian and omnivorous diet. Nutrients. 2014;
  42. Sabaté J, Wien M. Vegetarian diets and childhood obesity prevention. Vol. 91, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2010.
  43. Ask og Strindlund. Vegetarisk mat är bra – även för små barn. Lakartidningen [Internet]. 2014;(11).
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  45. World Health Organization (WHO). Global Report on Diabetes. WHO Press. 2016.
  46. Tabish SA. Is Diabetes Becoming the Biggest Epidemic of the Twenty-first Century? Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2007;
  47. Melina V, Craig W, Levin S. Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Vegetarian Diets. J Acad Nutr Diet [Internet]. 2016;116(12):1970–80. Available from: https://
    http://www.eatrightpro.org/~/media/eatrightpro files/practice/position and practice papers/position papers/vegetarian-diet.ashx
  48. Rinaldi S, Campbell EE, Fournier J, O’Connor C, Madill J. A Comprehensive Review of the Literature Supporting Recommendations From the Canadian Diabetes Association for the Use of a Plant-Based Diet for Management of Type 2 Diabetes. Canadian Journal of Diabetes. 2016.
  49. Introduction: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2018 . Diabetes Care. 2017 Dec 8;41(Supplement 1):S1–2.
  50. Pan A, Sun Q, Bernstein AM, Manson JE, Willett WC, Hu FB. Changes in red meat consumption and subsequent risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus three cohorts of US men and
    women. JAMA Intern Med. 2013;
  51. Malik VS, Li Y, Tobias DK, Pan A, Hu FB. Dietary Protein Intake and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in US Men and Women. Am J Epidemiol. 2016;183(8):715–28.
  52. Diabetesforbundet. Hvordan redusere risikoen? [Internet]. [cited 2019 Jan 2]. Available from: https://www.diabetes.no/om-diabetes/redusere-risikoen/
  53. Kahleova H, Klementova M, Herynek V, Skoch A, Herynek S, Hill M, et al. The Effect of a Vegetarian vs Conventional Hypocaloric Diabetic Diet on Thigh Adipose Tissue Distribution in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Study. J Am Coll Nutr. 2017;
  54. Tantamango-Bartley Y, Jaceldo-Siegl K, Fan J, Fraser G. Vegetarian diets and the incidence of cancer in a low-risk population. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2013;
  55. Key TJ, Appleby PN, Crowe FL, Bradbury KE, Schmidt JA, Travis RC. Cancer in British vegetarians: Updated analyses of 4998 incident cancers in a cohort of 32,491 meat eaters, 8612 fish eaters, 18,298 vegetarians, and 2246 vegans. In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2014.
  56. Craig, W.J. and Mangels AR. Position of the American Dietetic Association: Vegetarian Diets. J Am Diet Assoc. 2009;(109):1266–82.
  57. Najjar RS, Moore CE, Montgomery BD. A defined, plant-based diet utilized in an outpatient cardiovascular clinic effectively treats hypercholesterolemia and hypertension and reduces medications. Clin Cardiol. 2018;
  58. Whitehead RD, Re D, Xiao D, Ozakinci G, Perrett DI. You are what you eat: Within-subject increases in fruit and vegetable consumption confer beneficial skin-color changes.
    PLoS One. 2012;
  59. Mekić S, Jacobs LC, Hamer MA, Ikram MA, Schoufour JD, Gunn DA, et al. A healthy diet in women is associated with less facial wrinkles in a large Dutch population-based
    cohort. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019;
  60. Aghasi M, Golzarand M, Shab-Bidar S, Aminianfar A, Omidian M, Taheri F. Dairy intake and acne development: A meta-analysis of observational studies. Clinical Nutrition.
    2018;
  61. Harvard T.H. CHAN school of public health. The Microbiome [Internet]. [cited 2019 Feb 12]. Available from: https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/microbiome/
  62. Tuddenham S, Sears CL. The intestinal microbiome and health. Vol. 28, Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2015. p. 464–70.
  63. De Filippis F, Pellegrini N, Vannini L, Jeffery IB, La Storia A, Laghi L, et al. High-level adherence to a Mediterranean diet beneficially impacts the gut microbiota and associated
    metabolome. Gut. 2016;
  64. Helsenorge.no. Forstoppelse [Internet]. [cited 2019 Mar 18].
  65. Helsenorge.no. Divertikler – utposninger på tarmen [Internet]. [cited 2019 Mar 18].
  66. Cao Y, Strate LL, Keeley BR, Tam I, Wu K, Giovannucci EL, et al. Meat intake and risk of diverticulitis among men. Gut. 2018;
  67. Buettner D, Skemp S. Blue Zones: Lessons From the World’s Longest Lived. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine. 2016.
  68. SSB. Befolkning [Internet]. 2019. Available from: https://www.ssb.no/befolkning/statistikker/folkemengde/aar-per-1-januar
  69. Orlich MJ, Singh PN, Sabaté J, Jaceldo-Siegl K, Fan J, Knutsen S, et al. Vegetarian dietary patterns and mortality in adventist health study 2. JAMA Intern Med. 2013;
  70. Tonstad S, Butler T, Yan R, Fraser GE. Type of vegetarian diet, body weight, and prevalence of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2009;
  71. Sosial og helsedirektoratet. Faglige retningslinjer for forebygging og behandling av osteoporose og osteoporosiske brudd. 2005.
  72. Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Dawson-Hughes B, Baron JA, Burckhardt P, Li R, Spiegelman D, et al. Calcium intake and hipbfracture risk in men and women: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Dec 1;86(6):1780–90.
  73. Feskanich, Bishoff- Ferrari Frazier,Willet et al. Milk consumption during teenage years and risk of hip fractures in older adults. JAMA Pediatr. 2014;
  74. Bolland MJ, Leung W, Tai V, Bastin S, Gamble GD, Grey A, et al. Calcium intake and risk of fracture: Systematic review. BMJ. 2015;
  75. Harvard T.H. CHAN school of public health. Calcium and milk [Internet]. [cited 2019 Jan 23]. Available from: https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/what-should-youeat/calcium-and-milk/
  76. Christine Neumann Holst. Kalsiumparadokset -En casestudie av prosessen fra kunnskapsgrunnlaget til utformingen av kalsiumanbefalingene [Internet]. Universitetet i Bergen; Available from: http://bora.uib.no/bitstream/handle/1956/4275/72214044.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  77. Rizzo G, Baroni L. Soy, soy foods and their role in vegetarian diets. Vol. 10, Nutrients. MDPI AG; 2018.
  78. Messina M, Messina V. The role of soy in vegetarian diets. Nutrients. 2010.
  79. Messina MJ, Wood CE. Soy isoflavones, estrogen therapy, and breast cancer risk: Analysis and commentary. Nutrition Journal. 2008.
  80. Kuhnle GGC, Dell’Aquila C, Aspinall SM, Runswick SA, Mulligan AA, Bingham SA. Phytoestrogen content of beverages, nuts, seeds, and oils. J Agric Food Chem. 2008 Aug 27;56(16):7311–5.
  81. Madsen S. Planteøstrogener og overgangsplager hos kvinner. Tidsskrift for den Norske Laegeforening. 2009.
  82. Pape-Zambito DA, Roberts RF, Kensinger RS. Estrone and 17β-estradiol concentrations in pasteurized-homogenized milk and commercial dairy products. J Dairy Sci. 2010;
  83. Malekinejad H, Rezabakhsh A. Hormones in Dairy Foods and Their Impact on Public Health – A Narrative Review Article. Iran J Public Health [Internet]. 2015 Jun;44(6):742– Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26258087
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  93. Aune D, Giovannucci E, Boffetta P, Fadnes LT, Keum NN, Norat T, et al. Fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer and all-cause mortality-A
    systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Int J Epidemiol. 2017 Jun 1;46(3):1029–56.
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  95. Knutsen HK, Alexander J, Barregård L, Bignami M, Brüschweiler B, Ceccatelli S, et al. Risk for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs in feed and food. EFSA Journal. 2018.
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